North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE) Practice Test

Which ectoparasite typically spends its entire life cycle on the chicken, resulting in feather damage and anemia?

1. Neocnemidocoptes gallinae

2. Dermanyssus gallinae

3. Northern fowl mite

4. Red chicken mite

The correct answer is: Northern fowl mite

The Northern fowl mite is specifically known for its life cycle being completed entirely on the chicken host, which is crucial for its survival and reproduction. This ectoparasite attaches to the feathers and skin of chickens, leading to significant feather damage as they feed on the host’s blood. The feeding activity of the Northern fowl mite can lead to anemia, especially in heavy infestations, as they draw blood from the affected birds. Understanding the biology and behaviors of ectoparasites is essential in veterinary practice, particularly in poultry management. The Northern fowl mite's close association with the host makes it a notable concern for poultry producers, as it can lead to both economic loss due to reduced egg production and welfare issues for the birds affected by the irritation and potential transmission of diseases. In contrast, other ectoparasites listed have differing life cycle patterns and impacts on chickens, such as requiring other stages to develop off the host or not causing the same level of feather damage or anemia.